Year 9 Humanities and Social Sciences in the Australian Curriculum

Government and democracy

• AC9HC9K01

  the role of the Australian Constitution in providing the basis for Australia’s federal system of government and democratic processes, including institutions, and the process for constitutional change through a referendum

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• AC9HC9K02

  the legislative processes through which federal government policy is shaped, developed and implemented

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Laws and citizens

• AC9HC9K03

  the key features and jurisdictions of Australia’s court system, and the operations of courts and tribunals

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• AC9HC9K04

  the role of courts, judges, lawyers and juries in trials, and the rights of the accused and the rights of victims

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Citizenship, diversity and identity

• AC9HC9K05

  how and why individuals and groups, including community, religious and cultural groups, participate in and contribute to civic life in Australia and to global citizenship

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• AC9HC9K06

  the influence of a range of media, including social media, in shaping identity and attitudes to diversity

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Questioning and researching

• AC9HC9S01

  develop and modify questions to investigate Australia’s political and legal systems, and contemporary civic issues

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• AC9HC9S02

  locate, select and compare information, data and ideas from a range of sources

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Analysis, evaluation and interpretation

• AC9HC9S03

  analyse information, data and ideas about political, legal or civic issues to identify and evaluate differences in perspectives and interpretations

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Civic participation and decision-making

• AC9HC9S04

  evaluate the methods or strategies related to making decisions about civic participation

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Communicating

• AC9HC9S05

  create descriptions, explanations and arguments using civics and citizenship knowledge, concepts and terms that incorporate evidence

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• AC9HE9K01

  the role of Australia’s financial sector and its effect on economic decision-making by individuals, businesses and global markets

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• AC9HE9K02

  how economic decision-making involves the interdependence of consumers, businesses, the financial sector and government

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• AC9HE9K03

  the reasons Australia trades with other nations, and the patterns of trade between Australia and Asia

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• AC9HE9K04

  processes that businesses use to create and maintain competitive advantage, including the role of entrepreneurs

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• AC9HE9K05

  how individuals and businesses manage consumer and financial risks and rewards

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Questioning and researching

• AC9HE9S01

  develop and modify questions to investigate a contemporary economic and business issue

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• AC9HE9S02

  locate, select and analyse information and data from a range of sources

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Interpreting and analysing

• AC9HE9S03

  interpret information and data, explaining economic and business issues, trends and economic cause-and-effect relationships, and make predictions about consumer and financial impacts

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Evaluating, concluding and decision-making

• AC9HE9S04

  develop and evaluate a response to an economic and business issue, using cost-benefit analysis or criteria to decide on a course of action

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Communicating

• AC9HE9S05

  create descriptions, explanations and arguments, using economic and business knowledge, concepts and terms that incorporate and acknowledge research findings

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Biomes and food security

• AC9HG9K01

  the distribution and characteristics of biomes as regions with distinctive climates, soils, vegetation and productivity

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• AC9HG9K02

  the effects on environments of human alteration of biomes to produce food, industrial materials and fibres

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• AC9HG9K03

  the environmental, economic and technological factors that impact agricultural productivity, in Australia and a country in Asia

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• AC9HG9K04

  challenges to sustainable food production and food security in Australia and appropriate management strategies

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Geographies of interconnections

• AC9HG9K05

  the ways changing transportation and technologies are used to connect people to services, information and people in other places

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• AC9HG9K06

  the effects on places of people’s travel, recreational, cultural or leisure choices, and the strategies for managing the impacts on these places

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• AC9HG9K07

  the ways that places and people are interconnected with other places through trade in goods and services, at all scales

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• AC9HG9K08

  the impacts of the production and consumption of goods on places throughout the world, and strategies to manage sustainability in these places

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Questioning and researching using geographical methods

• AC9HG9S01

  develop a range of questions for a geographical inquiry related to a phenomenon or challenge

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• AC9HG9S02

  collect, represent and compare data and information from primary research methods, including fieldwork and secondary research materials, using geospatial technologies and digital tools as appropriate

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Interpreting and analysing geographical data and information

• AC9HG9S03

  evaluate geographical data and information to make generalisations and predictions, explain patterns and trends and infer relationships

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Concluding and decision-making

• AC9HG9S04

  evaluate data and information to justify conclusions

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• AC9HG9S05

  develop and evaluate strategies using environmental, economic or social criteria; recommend a strategy and explain the predicted impacts

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Communicating

• AC9HG9S06

  create descriptions, explanations and responses, using geographical knowledge and geographical tools as appropriate, and concepts and terms that incorporate and acknowledge research findings

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Making and transforming the Australian nation (1750–1914)

• AC9HH9K01

  the causes and effects of European imperial expansion and the movement of peoples in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, and the different responses to colonisation and migration

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• AC9HH9K02

  the key social, cultural, economic and political changes and their significance in the development of Australian society during the period

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• AC9HH9K03

  the causes and effects of European contact and extension of settlement, including their impact on the First Nations Peoples of Australia

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• AC9HH9K04

  significant events, ideas, people, groups and movements in the development of Australian society

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• AC9HH9K05

  continuities and changes and their effects on ways of life and living conditions, political and legal institutions, and cultural expression around the turn of the 20th century in Australian society

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• AC9HH9K06

  different experiences and perspectives of colonisers, settlers and First Nations Australians and the impact of these experiences on changes to Australian society's ideas, beliefs and values

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• AC9HH9K07

  the development of Australian society in relation to other nations in the world by 1914, including the effects of ideas and movements of people

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First World War (1914–1918)

• AC9HH9K08

  the causes of the First World War and the reasons why Australians enlisted to fight in the war

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• AC9HH9K09

  the places of significance where Australians fought, their perspectives and experiences, including the Gallipoli campaign, the Western Front and the Middle East

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• AC9HH9K10

  significant events and turning points of the war and the nature of warfare, including the Western Front Battle of the Somme and the Armistice

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• AC9HH9K11

  the effects of the First World War on Australian society, such as the role of women, political debates about conscription, relationships with the British Empire, and the experiences of returned soldiers

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• AC9HH9K12

  the commemoration of the First World War, including different historical interpretations and debates about the nature and significance of the Anzac legend and the war

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The Industrial Revolution and the movement of peoples (1750–1900)

• AC9HH9K13

  the social, economic, political, technological and/or environmental causes and effects of the Industrial Revolution on Europe in the late 18th and 19th century

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• AC9HH9K014

  the changing population movements and settlement patterns during the period 1750 to 1900

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• AC9HH9K15

  the short-, medium- and long-term effects of population movements and changing settlement patterns during this period, such as global demographic changes, transport, new ideas, and political and social reforms

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• AC9HH9K16

  the different perspectives and experiences of men, women and children during the Industrial Revolution, and their changing way of life

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• AC9HH9K17

  the ideas that emerged and influenced change in society, such as nationalism, capitalism, imperialism, socialism, egalitarianism and Chartism

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• AC9HH9K18

  the role of a significant individual or group such as agricultural and factory workers, inventors and entrepreneurs, landowners, politicians and religious groups in promoting and enacting some of the ideas that emerged during the Industrial Revolution

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Asia and the World (1750–1914)

• AC9HH9K19

  the key social, cultural, economic and political features of an Asian society during the 18th and early 19th Century

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• AC9HH9K20

  the causes and effects of European contact, including colonialisation, on an Asian society

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• AC9HH9K21

  significant events, ideas, people, groups and/or movements in the development of an Asian society

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• AC9HH9K22

  continuities and changes and their effects on the ways of life and living conditions, political and legal institutions, and cultural expression around the turn of the 20th century in an Asian society

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• AC9HH9K23

  different experiences and perspectives of colonisers and Asian peoples from the time and the impact of changes to society, including events, ideas, beliefs and values

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• AC9HH9K24

  the development of an Asian society in relation to other nations in the world by 1914, including the effects of ideas such as nationalism and self-determination

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Questioning and researching

• AC9HH9S01

  develop and modify a range of historical questions about the past to inform historical inquiry

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• AC9HH9S02

  locate, identify and compare primary and secondary sources to use in historical inquiry

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Using historical sources

• AC9HH9S03

  identify the origin and content of sources, and explain the purpose and context of primary and secondary sources

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• AC9HH9S04

  explain the usefulness of primary and secondary sources, and the reliability of the information as evidence

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Historical perspectives and interpretations

• AC9HH9S05

  analyse cause and effect, and evaluate patterns of continuity and change

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• AC9HH9S06

  compare perspectives in sources and explain how these are influenced by significant events, ideas, locations, beliefs and values

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• AC9HH9S07

  analyse different and contested historical interpretations

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Communicating

• AC9HH9S08

  create descriptions, explanations and historical arguments, using historical knowledge, concepts and terms that incorporate and acknowledge evidence from sources

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